Socially optimal replacement of conventional with electric vehicles for the US household fleet

In this study, a framework is proposed for minimizing the societal cost of replacing gas-powered household passenger cars with battery electric ones (BEVs). The societal cost consists of operational costs of heterogeneous driving patterns' cars, government investments for charging deployment, and monetized environmental externalities. The optimization framework determines the timeframe needed for conventional vehicles to be replaced with BEVs. It also determines the BEVs driving range during the planning timeframe, as well as the density of public chargers deployed on a linear transportation network over time. We leverage data sets that represent US household driving patterns, as well as the automobile and the energy markets, to apply the model. Results indicate that it takes 8 years for 80% of our conventional vehicle sample to be replaced with electric vehicles, under the base case scenario. The socially optimal all-electric driving range is 204 miles, with chargers placed every 172 miles on a linear corridor. All public chargers should be deployed at the beginning of the planning horizon to achieve greater savings over the years. Sensitivity analysis reveals that the timeframe for the socially optimal conversion of 80% of the sample varies from 6 to 12 years. The optimal decision variables are sensitive to battery pack and vehicle body cost, gasoline cost, the discount rate, and conventional vehicles' fuel economy. Faster conventional vehicle replacement is achieved when the gasoline cost increases, electricity cost decreases, and battery packs become cheaper over the years.     

发挥上海虹桥综合交通枢纽功能促进长三角产业联动发展

上海虹桥综合交通枢纽建设是加速上海和长三角经济社会一体化发展的重大举措。新时期有必要充分认识建设虹桥综合枢纽枢纽建设的国内外环境背景和重大意义的分析，科学探讨基于发挥上海虹桥综合交通枢纽功能的长三角产业联动重点，尽快研究和制定相关配套政策措施。     

如何提高房屋建筑工程的质量

重点分析房屋建筑工程中产生质量问题的原因,并根据实际工作经验进行总结,介绍常用的防治措施。     

优质服务为本 争创全新局面——记中国资产评估行业创先争优活动座谈会

引言：党的十七大和十七届四中全会作出重要部署,在党的基层组织和党员中深入开展创先争优活动。中评协根据财政部党组的部署,迅速贯彻落实中央《关于在党的基层党组织和党员中深入开展创先争优活动的意见》，及时下发行业指导意见，指导全行业开展创先争优活动。近来，财政部部长谢旭人在中国资产评估协会第四次全国会员代表大会及在评估行业调研的讲话中，对评估行业开展争创活动取得的成效给予了充分肯定，并对进一步深入推进工作的开展提出了新的要求。     

供应链成本控制:价值引擎与方法集成

本文以伙伴关系与信息共享为基础,分析了供应链成本控制中关系性租金和跨组织学习两种价值引擎。从时间序列、空间范围、流程深化三个角度,论证了全生命周期成本控制、跨组织成本控制、协同价值链分析三个供应链成本控制概念对各种成本控制方法的拓展与集成。在当前条件下,以伙伴关系为基础,加强成员间的信息共享与跨组织学习,开展供应链集成成本控制,有利于提升供应链竞争力。     

Capital Flight: China's Experience

We study the empirical determinants of China's capital flight. In addition to the covered interest differential, our empirical exercise includes a rather exhaustive list of macroeconomic variables and a few institutional factors. Overall, our regression exercise shows that China's capital flight is quite well explained by its own history and covered interest differentials. The other possible determinants offer relatively small additional explanatory power. It is also found that China's capital flight responds differently to the components of covered interest differentials and to the positive and negative components of these variables. The response pattern, however, depends on the choice of data frequency. The general impression is that the monthly results are more intuitive than the quarterly ones.     

探析多媒体教学在旅游英语课程中的有效应用

文章对旅游英语多媒体教学的实效性进行了探讨,提出了制作实用的课件、提高课堂教学的效率、获得最佳教学效果的建议.     

信贷供给对地区经济增长作用的实证研究——以大连为例

信贷是维持与促进地区经济增长的重要保障。各地区应结合本地实际，科学制定产业规划，发展优势产业，引导信贷供给向优势产业倾斜；创新和扩大消费信贷品种和规模，提高其在消费需求中的支持作用；在控制信贷风险的前提下，积极支持重大基础设施建设。     

中央银行独立性的国际比较与思考

从国际视角考察,随着货币政策在宏观调控中的作用日益重要,中央银行的独立性亦呈不断加强的趋势.在组织独立性、政策独立性、人事独立性和财务独立性几个方面,美联储、欧洲中央银行、日本银行各有特色,其中一些成功的做法值得借鉴.我国中央银行独立性近年来在稳步提高,同时还存在诸多需要加强和改善之处.对我国中央银行独立性状况,需要根据我同的实际情况,作辩证的分析和全面的理解.     

浙江林业产业结构效应与战略选择实证分析

产业结构是衡量产业发展水平的重要标志。首先,援引数据对浙江林业产业结构的现状进行分析,找出浙江林业结构变化的基本规律;其次,采用灰色动态关联度的分析方法,对浙江林业三大产业与林业产业总体之间的关系予以实证分析;再次,采用GM(1,1)灰色模型,对2008～2012年浙江林业产业结构的发展趋势进行预测。最后,针对实证分析的结果,提出浙江林业产业结构优化升级的对策建议。